Vat dyestuffs



Patented Feb. 27, 1951 U i l VAT DYESTUFFS Walter Jenny, Basel, and Walter Kern, Sissach, Switzerland, assignors to Ciba Limited, Basel, Switzerland, a Swiss firm No Drawing. Application December 18, 1947, Se-

rial No. 792,616. In Switzerland December 21,

4 Claims. (Cl. 260-2471) Under the present invention, valuable vat dye- I amide group Whose nitrogen atom is linked to the anthraquinone nucleus.

The starting products for the present process therefore must contain, on the one hand, at least one sulfonic acid group or a reactive derivative thereof, such as a sulfonic acid halide, especially a sulfochloride group in fl-position. The transformation ofsuch a sulfonic acid group into a sulionic acid amide group can be effected conveniently, by first transforming a sulfonic acid group into a reactice' derivative thereof, if such a reactive derivative is not present right from the beginning. The reaction between sulfonic acid halides, especially sulfochlorides, with ammonia or primary or secondary amines may be carried out as a rule at comparatively low temperature, if desired, with gentle warming. Depending on the amines used an excess thereof may be used as solvent or the reaction may be carried out in an indifferent diluent or solvent. In many instances especially good results are obtained if the said sulfonic acids or the sulfonic acid halide groups are transformed into sulfonic acid amide groups which carry 2 alkyl radicals attached to the nitrogen atom. This can be effected easily by reacting the sulfonic acid hal ides with secondary aliphatic amines, for example, dimethylamine, diethylamine, or diethanolamine. In some cases it is also possible to alkylate the sulfonic acid amides which are first formed and which do not carry an alkyl group at the nitrogen atom or contain at most one such alkyl group, whereby the corresponding N-dialkylsulfamides are obtained. In the dialkylsulfamides mentioned above both alkyl groups may be; completely separated from each other or they may be interconnected to form an isocyclic or heterocyclic ring. Thus, for example, by react ing sulfochlorides with piperidine, sulfopiperidides, or by reacting sulfo chloride with morpholine, sulfomorpholides, are obtained.

I For the transformation of sulfonic acid groups in sulfonic acid amide groups one may also use amines-which carry more than 1, for example 2 amino groups which. are interconnected for instance by an aliphatic radical or may form part of a heterocyclic ring, for example, a piperazine ring.

Besides the transformation of sulfonic acid groups into sulfonic acid amide groups as described above the present process comprises a reaction which consists in transforming a suitable substituent in the anthraquinone nucleus into a carboxylic acid amide group in such a manner that its nitrogen atom is directly bound to the anthraquinone radical. Substituents suitable for such transformation are of course amino groups which can be acylated in the usual manner. As the presence of free amino groups might interfere with the transformation of sulfonic acid groups into sulfonic acid amide groups described above it is often necessary to carry out the second mentioned reaction in a round-about way. In the vattable startingproduct the amino group. may not be present or it may be present in such a form that a disturbing side-reaction cannot occur. For instance, the starting product may contain, besides the sulfonic acid group to be transformed into a sulfonic acid amide group, a nitro group which at a given moment may be A reduced to an amino group and may subsequentl be acylated. As an alternative, the starting product may contain a replaceable halogen atom which at a suitable moment is replaced by an amino group, or such a replaceable halogen atom may be reacted with a 'carboxylic acid amide to form the corresponding carboXylic acid amide group, the nitrogen atom of which is directly attached to a vattable radical.

The two reactions necessary for the present process, viz. the transformation of the sulfonic acid group (or it reactive derivative) into a sulfonic acid amide group and the introduction of an acylamino group into an anthraquinone radical, may be carried out in any desired sequence. In many cases, it will be convenient first to carry out the first mentioned reaction, thereafter reduoing a nitro group initially present in, or subsequently introduced into, the molecule to an amino group and to acylate the latter.

The carboxylic acids or the functional deriva-' tives thereof (especially halides) intended for the acylation of amino groups may belong to the aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic series. Especially good results are obtained in many instances by using aromatic carboxylic acids, such as benzoic acid or substituted benzoic acids, for example alkyl, halogen or cyanbenzoic acids, wherein often a p-positioned substituent is preferable. If

desired, polyvalent carboxylic acids, for example, benzenedicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid may be reacted with vattable compounds of the kind described above in such a manner that each carboxylic group of the acid used leads to the formation of a carboxylic acid amide group.

The reaction of the carboxylic acids used with the amines of vattable compounds may be carried out by using the corresponding acid chloride at an elevated temperature in high boiling solvents or diluents such as mono-, dior trichlorobenzene, nitrobenzene or naphthalene.

Especially valuable products may be obtained according to the process by converting nitroanthraquinone-sulfonic acids whose nitro group is bound, for example, to a l-position and whose sulfonic acid group is bound to one of the positions 6 and 7, i. e. in the benzene nucleus of the anthraquinone not containing the nitro group, into the corresponding sulfonamides. The nitro group is then reduced and the amino group thus obtained is acylated.

The products obtained according to the present process are vat dyestuffs which carry as substituents fl-position in an anthraquinone nucleus at least one sulfonic acid amide group and furthermore at least one carboxylic acid amide group, the nitrogen atom of which is directly at- Nso2- O a ll tached to the anthraquinone radical. In these vat dyestufis the sulfonic acid amide groups may carry advantageously two alkyl radicals bound to the nitrogen atom and these alkyl radicals may be interconnected to form a ring.

The present products may be used in known manner for dyeing and printing various fibers, especially cellulosic fibers, and also as pigments. There are obtained, inter alia, for example, violet, and also valuable, pure yellow shades of good fastness.

The fo lowing examples illustrate the invention without limiting its scope. The parts are parts by weight unless otherwise stated.

Example 1 To a solution of 1-nitro-anthraquinone-6-sulfochloride (1 molecular proportion) [obtainable by reacting phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus oxych oride with sodium l-nitroanrhraquinone-G-sulfonate] in acetone, 2 molecular pro ortions of dimethyl amine are added slowly with good stirring at 0-5" C. After the whole has been ke t for 3 hours while stirring at C. the mixture is cooled down, filtered and washed well with warm water, alcohol and ether. The product obtained forms, when recrysta lized from benzene, pale yellow needles or laminae melting at 271-2'72 C. (uncorrected). By reduction by means of an aqueous sodium sulfohvdrate solution l-aminoanthraquinone-6-sulfodimethylamide is obtained which, after recrystallization from chlorobenzene, forms beautiful red crystals melting at 237-239 C. (uncorrected).

1'7 parts of 1-amino-anthraquinone-6-sulfodimethylamide thus obtained are suspended in 900 parts of dry chlorobenzene, 30 parts of parachlorobenzoylchloride added and the whole is boiled for 3 hours with reflux cooling. The dyeneedles, is suction-filtered and well washed with hot alcohol. It corresponds to the formula and dyes cotton from a red-brown vat in pure greenish yellow shades.

The reaction may also be carriedout in other solvents such as ortho-dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene or nitrobenzene.

Example 2 22 parts of 1-amino-anthraquinone-B-sulfodimethylamide (see Example 1, paragraph 1) are suspended in 1000 parts of dry chlorobenzene and '7 parts of terephthalic acid dichloride are added. The whole is kept gently boiling for 3 hours. The dyestuff, which on cooling separates in yellow needles, is suction-filtered and well washed with boiling alcohol. It corresponds to the formula /C a SOaN Example 3 88 parts of the oxaminic acid of l-amino-anthraquinone-G-sulfodimethylamide (see Example 1, first paragraph) obtained according to the usual methods, are dissolved at ,0-5 C. in 880 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid. To this solution a mixture of 30 parts of nitric acid of 63% strength and 60 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid are slowly added while stirring at the same temperature. After stirring for a further two hours at 0-5 C. the reaction mixture is poured into 4000 parts of cold water. The precipitate is filtered, and washed with water until free from acid and stirred for 2 hours in a dilute sodium carbonate solution at 90-95 C. After filtering and washing until neutral a red compound is obtained which is easily reduced-in a hot aqueous sulfohydrate solution to the 'dia-mino compound. The 1 :4-diaminoanthraquinone 6-sulfodimethylamide thus obtained forms, after recrystallisation from chlorobenzene, dark violet crystals of metallic lustre, melting unsharpl at 260 C.

285 parts of l:4-diaminoanthraquinone-G-sulfodimethyl amide are dispersed in 2500 parts of dry nitrobenzene. After the addition of 500 parts of benzoylchloride the whole is stirred at C. for 3 hours. The dystuff, which precipitates in the form of red needles while the reaction mass is still hot, is suction-filtered when it has cooled down and well washed with hot alcohol. It dyes cotton from an olive vat pure reddish violet shades of good fastness.

The reaction ma alternatively be carried out in other solvents, such as chlorobenzene, orthodichlorobenzene or trichlorobenzene.

Example 4 l-aminoanthraquinone 6 sulfopi'peridide is made according to the method described in the first paragraph of Example 1, from 1-nitroan thraquinone-6-Sulfoch1oride and piper'idine and subsequent reduction of the nitro-group (l-nitroanthraquinone 6=sulfopiperidide forms, after re= crystallization from benzene, almost colorless needles melting at 255'2-56 C. (uncorrecte'd)). The l-aminoanthraqu'inone 6 sulfopip'eridide crystallizes from chlorobenzehe or benzene in the form of red needles melting at 238-240 'C.

18.5 'parts of 1-aminoanthraqiiinone-G sulfo piperidide are dispersed in 900 parts of chlorobenzene, 35 parts or para-chlorobenzoylchloride are added, and the whol is boiled for 3 hours with reflux cooling. The dyestuif Which crystallizes out in the form of yellowjneedles is suctionfilte'red and well washed with hot alcohol. It corresponds to the formula CHFC 2 and dyes cotton from 'an olive brown vat very pure, strong greenish yenow shades with good fastness.

The reaction ma alternatively be carried out in other solvents such as nit'rcbenzene, orthodichlorobenzene or trichlorobenzene.

Example 5 25.5 parts of 1-aminoanthraquinone-fi-sulfopiperidide (see Example 4, first paragraph) are dispersed in 280 parts of dry nitrobenzene, 12 parts of para-cyanbenzoylchloride are added and the whole is stirred for 3 hours at 90-100 0. After cooling the dyestufi which has separated is suction-filtered and washed with hot alcohol. It dyes cotton from an olive brown vat pure greenish yellow shades.

The reaction may alternatively be carried out in other solvents such as chlorobenzene, orthodichlorobenzene or trichlorobenzene.

Example 6 37.2 parts of 1-aminoanthraquinone-fi-sulfomorpholide are dispersed in 800 parts of dry nitrobenzene, 11 parts of terephthalic acid dichloride are added, and the whole is stirred for 3 hours at 125-135 C. The dyestuff which separates on cooling as a yellow, crystalline powder is suction-filtered, well washed with boiling alcohol and dried. It dissolves in concentrated sulfuric acid with a yellow-orange coloration and dyes cotton from an olive-brown vat powerful yellow shades with excellent fastness properties. This dyestuff is represented by the formula If iso'phthalic acid dichlorideis used a dyestufi is obtained which dyes somewhat less power ful shades.

l-amino-anthraquinone 6 sulfomorpholide may be obtained in the same manner as the corresponding sulfopiperidide (Example 4). It forms on recrystallization from chlorobenzene red needles.

Example 7 23 parts of 4-benzoyl-benzoic acid are dispersed in 500 parts of dry nitrobenzene and after the addition of 15 parts of thionylchloride and a small quantity of pyridine the mixture is stirred for 1 /2 hours at -90" C. 37 parts of l-aminoanthraquinone-B-su1fomorpho1ide are then added and stirring is continued for 2 more hours at -130 C. On cooling the dyestufi separates in the form of yellow needles. It is suction-filtered, washed with boiling alcohol and dried. The dyestuff thus obtained is dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid with a yellow coloration and dyes cotton from a black violet vat in pure greenish yellow shades with good fastness properties.

If instead of lamino-anthraquinone6-sulfomorpholide otheijamines, such as l-amino-anthraquinone-'-su1fopiperidide, l-amino-anthraquin'one-6-sulIodimethylamide, or l-amino-anthraqui'none-6-s1.11fornethylani1ide are used, similar dyestuffs are obtained.

Example 3 26 parts of l:4-diain'ino anthraquinone-fi-sulfopiperidide are dispersed in 350 parts of dry nitrobenzene, 50 parts of benzoylchloride are added, and the whole is stirred for 3 hours at Bil- C. After cooling down, the dyestuif which has separated in the form of dark red needles is suction-filtered, washed with hot chlorobenzene and boiling alcohol and dried. It dissolves in concentrated sulfuric acid with a yellow coloration and dyes cotton from an olive vat red shades which become much bluer on soaping.

If the acylation is carried out with l-methylsulfonebenzoic acid a similar dyestufiis obtained.

1 :4 diamino anthraquinone 6 sulfopiperidide may alternatively be prepared according to the method given in Example 3 for the preparation of 1:4-diamino-anthraquinone-6-sulfodimethylamide.

nitrob'enze'ne and 10.1 parts of terephthalic acid dichloride are added and the whole is stirred for 3 hours at l25-l35 C. The dyest'uff which sepa-.

rates on cooling as a yellow powder, is suctionfilte'red, well washed with boiling alcohol and,

dried. It dissolves in concentrated sulfuric acid with yellow-orange coloration and dyes cotton from an olive-brown vat pure yellow shades of very goodfastness; This dyestuff corresponds to filtered, washed with boiling alcohol and dried.

the formula It dissolves in concentrated sulfuric acid with a HO-CH:CH2 CH2CH2OH NSO2 SOr-N HOOHC 7 I I CHz-OHz-OH If amino-anthraquinone-sulfodiethanolamides yellow coloration and dyes cotton from a brown are acylated with an excess of acid halides (for red vat greenish yellow shades.

instance benzoylchloride or para-chlorobenzoyl- Similar y s s a e O t ed f l-a inoa chloride), the two OH-groups are also esterified. 15 thraquinone-G-sulfodimethylamide, l-amino-an- 1 amino anthraquinone 6 s lf di than lthraquinone-6-sulfomethylanilide and l-aminoamide may be prepared by a method which is anthraquinone-6-sulfomorpholide are acylated analogous to that by which l-amino-anthray' a f D ii Y y acid h squinone-6-sulfodimethylamide (Example 1) is Example 12 prepared; when recrystallized from nitrobenzene 20 the compound forms red needles. 2 parts of the dyestuff obtained according to Example 2 are slurried in 200 parts of water and Example after the addition of 8 parts by volume of caustic soda solution of 36 B. and 4 parts of sodium hy- 5 parts of no-ant qu n0 s drosulfite are vatted at 50-60 c. This stock vat -p p d are dispersed in 0 parts f dry 5 is added to a dyebath containing, in 3000 parts nitrobenzene and after the addition of 120 parts of water, '7 parts by volume of caustic soda soluof benzoylchloride the whole is kept boiling for tion of 36 B. and 4 parts of sodium hydrosul- 3 hours while stirring. The dyestufi, which sepafite. 100 parts of well wetted cotton are entered rates in the form of yellow crystals while the reat C. After 15 minutes, 60 parts of sodium action mass is still boiling, is suction filtered chloride are added. The temperature is raised after cooling down, well washed with nitrobento C. and dyeing is effected for 1 hour at this zene and boiling alcohol and dried It dissolves temperature. The cotton is squeezed, oxidized in in concentrated sulfuric acid with a red colorathe air, rinsed in cold water, acidified, rinsed tion and dyes cotton from a, red-brown vat powagain, and, if desired, soaped. It is dyed in powerful greenish yellow shades of very good fasterful pure yellow shades. ness. This dyestuff is represented by the formula It is obvious that while the preferred embodii i e Q If instead of benzoylchloride, para-chlorobenments of the present invention have been particuzoylchloride is used, a similar dyestuff is obtained larly described above, changes and alterations which dyes cotton in somewhat more reddish may be made without departing from the spirit shades. thereof. Thus, if desired, the sulfonic acid amide The bis-(1-amino-anthraquinone-6-sulfo) -pigroups may contain only one alkyl substituent atperazide mentioned above may be obtained as foltached t0 t nitrOgen at 01 e no e, th aid lows: groups may occupy a B-position of the benzene T a summ n f 1055 parts of 1 it th nucleus in the anthraquinone radical which carquinone-6-sulfochloride and 24 parts of pyridine Ties an acylamino group, but p b y t in 1 in 3800 parts of acetone, a solution of 30 parts of z'position relativ ely to each other- The acyl piperazine (44%) in 600 parts of acetone is slowradlcal of i acylammo group or groups may be 1y added drop by drop while vigorously stirring at allphatlc' acyl radlcal SuC h as an acetyl, proroom temperature. When this addition is com- P1T}y1'Va1e1'1any1 e h gher aliphatic acyl plete, stirring is continued for 4 hours at 35 400 rad1cal, or a heterocyclic acyl radical, such as C. After cooling the solution is suction-filtered the radlcal of pymdme carboxyhc or qumohne and the residue is washed with hot water and Farboxylic acid as described in our comend dried The nitm groups may be easily reduced mg patent application Ser. No. 786,546, filed Noby means of an aqueous sulfohydrate solution. Vember 1947 (now PaPent The diamine is difficumy soluble in almost any Furthermore where the relative position of the sulfamide group and the acylamino group is 1:6

Solvent" in the above examples, a relative position of 1:7 Example 11 may be chosen instead, or mixtures containing compounds with both relative positions. 20 parts of diphenyl-4-carboxylic acid are dis- What we claim is: persed in 350 parts of dry nitrobenzene and after 1. A-vatdyestuff corresponding to the formula the addition of 15 parts of thionylchloride and o fiHCOX-CONH a small quantity of pyridine the whole isstirred -7 I! i l at 90-100 C. for 1 hours. 37 parts of l-aminoanthraquinone-6-sulfopiperidide are then added and stirring is continued for 2 more hours at 120,-l30 C. The dyestufi" which separates on cooling in the form of yellow needles is suctionwherein each SO2- group is attached to a {3- consisting of a dialkylamino radical, a diethanoiposition of the corresponding anthraquinone nuamino radical, a radical of the formula cleus and CO-XCO- stands for the radical of a benzene dicarboxylic acid containing the 5 two carboxyl groups in positions separated from GHQ-O 2 each other by at least one carbon atom, and and a radical of the wherein each Y stands for a member of the group N 10 CHPOQZ 2. The vat dyestuif of the formula 3. The vat dyestuff of the formula 4. The vat dyestufl of the formula WALTER KERN. REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,800,299 Kranzlein Apr. 14, 1931 2,067,469 Weinand et a1 Jan. 12, 1937 2,195,067 Weinand et a1 Mar. 20, 1940 2,275,013 Graenacher et a1. Mar. 3, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 393,316 Great Britain June 2, 1933 342,706 Great Britain Jan. 30, 1936 

1. A VET DYESTUFF CORRESPONDING TOTHE FORMULA 